Highlights•Heat Integration (HI) has been an initial part of Process Integration (PI) for more
40 years now.•HI development has accelerated over the years.•The main two approaches …

This article first reviews recent developments in process synthesis and discusses some of
the major challenges in the theory and practice in this area. Next, the article reviews key …

An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) uses an organic fluid as a working medium within a
Rankine cycle power plant. ORC offers advantages over conventional Rankine cycle with …

Combined heat and power (CHP) plants are widely used in industrial applications. In the
aftermath of the recession, many of the associated production processes are under-utilized …

Process Integration supporting process design, integration and optimisation has been
around for more than 40 years. Its development has been closely related to developing the …

The ongoing energy transition necessitates commitments from various sectors to utilise
resources more efficiently. Amongst these, the industrial sector, which is associated with …

Waste heat accounts for up to 70% of input energy in industrial processes which enunciates
the importance of energy recovery measures to improve efficiency and reduce excessive …

Energy saving, global warming and greenhouse gas emissions have become major
technological, societal, and political issues. Being closely related to energy supply, they are …

There has been growing interest in developing Locally Integrated Energy Sectors (LIES) as
a Process (Heat) Integration approach for synergising the industrial thermal energy systems …

Total site integration offers energy conservation opportunities across different individual
processes and also to design as well as to optimize the central utility system. In total site …