The Rho GTPases are a family of molecular switches that are critical regulators of signal
transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. They are known principally for their role in …

Mixed lineage kinases (MLKs) are members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
kinase (MAP3K) family and are reported to activate MAP kinase pathways. There have been …

Mutations of inversin cause type II nephronophthisis, an infantile autosomal recessive
disease characterized by cystic kidney disease and developmental defects. Inversin …

The control of cell adhesion is an important mechanism by which Eph receptors regulate cell
sorting during development. Activation of EphA4 in Xenopus blastulae induces a reversible …

Small heat shock proteins (shsps) are molecular chaperones that are inducible by
environmental stress such as elevated temperature or exposure to heavy metals or …

Abstract Development of the vertebrate embryo requires strict coordination of a highly
complex series of signaling cascades, that drive cell proliferation, differentiation, migration …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases of the mixed-lineage kinase (MLK)
family have been shown to activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated …

Vertebrates use two or three forms of kidney successively during development and the
nephric duct is essential for this succession of kidney induction. While transcripts of many …

The p21-GTPase activated kinase, PAK1, and the mixed lineage kinase, MLK2, have been
implicated in the activation of jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). However, the role of PAK1 in JNK …

Amphibians and more particularly X. laevis are models often used for studying apoptosis
during embryonic development. Using several methods, searchers determined the …