A major shift is happening within neurophysiology: a population doctrine is drawing level
with the single-neuron doctrine that has long dominated the field. Population-level ideas …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a critical role in the generation and regulation of emotion.
However, we lack an integrative framework for understanding how different emotion-related …

Vision, choice, action and behavioural engagement arise from neuronal activity that may be
distributed across brain regions. Here we delineate the spatial distribution of neurons …

What determines what we see? In contrast to the traditional “modular” understanding of
perception, according to which visual processing is encapsulated from higher-level …

Rewards are crucial objects that induce learning, approach behavior, choices, and
emotions. Whereas emotions are difficult to investigate in animals, the learning function is …

Behavioral economic studies involving limited numbers of choices have provided key
insights into neural decision-making mechanisms. By contrast, animals' foraging choices …

Human neuroimaging research has transitioned from mapping local effects to developing
predictive models of mental events that integrate information distributed across multiple …

Reinforcement learning is an adaptive process in which an animal utilizes its previous
experience to improve the outcomes of future choices. Computational theories of …

Many accounts of reward-based choice argue for distinct component processes that are
serial and functionally localized. In this Opinion article, we argue for an alternative viewpoint …

The neocortex is a complex neurobiological system with many interacting regions. How
these regions work together to subserve flexible behavior and cognition has become …