Covid-19 vaccines—immunity, variants, boosters

DH Barouch - New England Journal of Medicine, 2022 - Mass Medical Soc
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Immunological memory to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 vaccines

A Sette, S Crotty - Immunological reviews, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

Omicron BA. 1 breakthrough infection drives cross-variant neutralization and memory B cell formation against conserved epitopes

J Quandt, A Muik, N Salisch, BG Lui, S Lutz… - Science …, 2022 - science.org
Omicron is the evolutionarily most distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VOC) to date. We report that Omicron BA. 1 breakthrough …

Class switch toward noninflammatory, spike-specific IgG4 antibodies after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

P Irrgang, J Gerling, K Kocher, D Lapuente… - Science …, 2022 - science.org
RNA vaccines are efficient preventive measures to combat the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. High levels of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 …

Correlates of protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease

D Goldblatt, G Alter, S Crotty… - Immunological reviews, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP against infection by the SARS‐
CoV‐2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies by neutralization or binding assays …

Beyond neutralization: Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection

A Zhang, HD Stacey, MR D'Agostino, Y Tugg… - Nature Reviews …, 2023 - nature.com
Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2
infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical …

Memory B cells

T Inoue, T Kurosaki - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2024 - nature.com
Recent advances in studies of immune memory in mice and humans have reinforced the
concept that memory B cells play a critical role in protection against repeated infections …

Long-primed germinal centres with enduring affinity maturation and clonal migration

JH Lee, HJ Sutton, CA Cottrell, I Phung, G Ozorowski… - Nature, 2022 - nature.com
Germinal centres are the engines of antibody evolution. Here, using human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Env protein immunogen priming in rhesus monkeys followed …

Antibody-mediated neutralization of SARS-CoV-2

H Gruell, K Vanshylla, T Weber, CO Barnes, C Kreer… - Immunity, 2022 - cell.com
Neutralizing antibodies can block infection, clear pathogens, and are essential to provide
long-term immunity. Since the onset of the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies …

Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

RC Mettelman, EK Allen, PG Thomas - Immunity, 2022 - cell.com
The lungs are constantly exposed to inhaled debris, allergens, pollutants, commensal or
pathogenic microorganisms, and respiratory viruses. As a result, innate and adaptive …