This Clinical Opinion reviews the literature about the diagnosis, antepartum surveillance,
and time of delivery of fetuses suspected to be small for gestational age or growth restricted …

In brief Reactive oxygen species are generated throughout the pre-implantation period and
are necessary for normal embryo formation. However, at pathological levels, they result in …

OBJECTIVE: We sought to provide evidence-based guidelines for utilization of Doppler
studies for fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS: Relevant …

OBJECTIVE: To identify specific estimates and predictors of neonatal morbidity and mortality
in early onset fetal growth restriction due to placental dysfunction. METHODS: Prospective …

Objective To test the hypothesis that hemodynamic changes depicted by Doppler precede
deteriorating biophysical profile score in severe intrauterine growth restriction. Methods …

SUMMARY 1 Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with poor perinatal
health outcomes. Animal models have been used to investigate why IUGR is associated with …

Prepregnancy maternal obesity confers an increased risk of stillbirth, but the mechanisms
are unknown. Maternal obesity is associated with placental inflammation. We considered …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a failure to achieve the growth potential of a fetus
that is promised by the genetic constitution and environmental influences endogenous to the …

A uniform approach to management of fetal growth restriction (FGR) improves outcome,
prevents stillbirth, and allows appropriately timed delivery. An estimated fetal weight below …

Objective To investigate whether pathological changes in the umbilical artery (UA), ductus
venosus (DV) and short‐term fetal heart variation are related to perinatal outcome in severe …