Climate change mitigation scenarios that meet the Paris Agreement's objective of limiting
global warming usually assume an important role for carbon dioxide removal and negative …

Grasslands are under severe threat from ongoing degradation, undermining their capacity to
support biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being. Yet, grasslands are largely …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments1, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Multispecies tree planting has long been applied in forestry and landscape restoration in the
hope of providing better timber production and ecosystem services; however, a systematic …

Abstract China has 6.6 million km2 of drylands that support approximately 580 million
people. These drylands are at risk of desertification. In this Review, the changes observed in …

Previous evaluations on the biophysical potential of forest carbon sink have focused on
forestation area distribution and the associated carbon stock for equilibrium-state forests …

Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and
climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system. Remote-sensing estimates to …

A comprehensive quantification of global forest fragmentation is urgently required to guide
forest protection, restoration and reforestation policies. Previous efforts focused on the static …

Tree restoration is an effective way to store atmospheric carbon and mitigate climate
change. However, large-scale tree-cover expansion has long been known to increase …

Climate change threatens the health and survival of urban trees and the various benefits
they deliver to urban inhabitants. Here, we show that 56% and 65% of species in 164 cities …