The global use of petroleum hydrocarbons for energy and raw materials in various
applications has increased with extensive release of a wide variety of contaminants into the …

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) are used as raw materials in many industries and primary
energy sources. However, excessive PHs act as soil pollutants, posing serious threats to …

Marine oil spills emanating from wells, pipelines, freighters, tankers, and storage facilities
draw public attention and necessitate quick and environmentally friendly response …

A rapid rise in population, extensive anthropogenic activities including agricultural practices,
up-scaled industrialization, massive deforestation, etc. are the leading causes of …

Water scarcity and wastewater management pose significant challenges to petroleum
refineries and petrochemicals plants (PRPP). The escalating demand of petroleum products …

Abstract The oil Exploration & Production (E&P) industry provides an important energy
source for the world. However, there is a worldwide concern about the environmental …

Petroleum is a very complex and diverse organic mixture. Its composition depends on
reservoir location and in situ conditions and changes once crude oil is spilled into the …

Rhizoremediation is a bioremediation technique whereby microbial degradation of organic
contaminants occurs in the rhizosphere. It is considered to be an effective and affordable …

The exploration of petroleum source, production, and transportation in cold environments is
increasing tremendously. These activities have made cold regions of the earth vulnerable to …

The demand for technological and industrial change has become heavily dependent on the
availability and use of petroleum products as a source of energy for socio-economic …