A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to
genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD …

The present review focuses on the roles of estrogens and aromatase (Cyp19a1a), the
enzyme needed for their synthesis, in fish gonadal sex differentiation. Based on the recent …

Fish sex could be reversed at the undifferentiated stage of gonad by administration of
exogenous estrogen (E2) or blockade of endogenous estrogen synthesis with aromatase …

Foxl2 is essential for mammalian ovary maintenance. Although sexually dimorphic
expression of foxl2 was observed in many teleosts, its role and regulative mechanism in fish …

Sexual fate is no longer seen as an irreversible deterministic switch set during early
embryonic development but as an ongoing battle for primacy between male and female …

Sexual fate can no longer be considered an irreversible deterministic process that once
established during early embryonic development, plays out unchanged across an …

Epigenetics is involved in sex differentiation of gonochoristic and hermaphroditic fish
species, whereby two genes dmrt1 (pro-male) and cyp19a1 (pro-female) are known to play …

In hermaphroditic fish, the ovotestis can respond to external stimuli so that only one type of
gonadal tissue (either ovarian or testicular tissue) will remain reproductively active and the …

Protandrous black porgy fish, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, have a striking life cycle with a male
sex differentiation at the juvenile stage and male-to-female sex change at 3years of age. We …

Background Teleosts are characterized by a remarkable breadth of sexual mechanisms
including various forms of hermaphroditism. Sparidae is a fish family exhibiting gonochorism …