Neuroinflammation is considered as a detrimental factor in neurodegenerative diseases,
including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. An imbalance
between the production and clearance of Aβ (amyloid beta) is considered to be actively …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder that
leads to cognitive impairment and memory loss. Emerging evidence suggests that …

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) injury occurs when blood flow is restored in the brain,
causing secondary damage to the ischemic tissues. Previous studies have shown that …

Bladder cancer is one of the most frequently occurring malignant tumors in the urinary
system. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor and exerts remarkable …

Evidence has shown that m-THPC and verteporfin (VP) are promising sensitizers in
photodynamic therapy (PDT). In addition, autophagy can act as a tumor suppressor or a …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction, neuronal
death, and brain atrophy, with amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau …

Background Metformin exhibits therapeutic potential in behavioural deficits induced by
methamphetamine (METH) in rats. Emerging studies suggest gut microbiota may impact …

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive stimulant that results in serious and
persistent neurotoxic effects. Studies have indicated that luteolin, a flavonoid, may confer …

Microvascular basement membrane (BM) plays a pivotal role in the interactions of astrocyte
with endothelium to maintain the blood–brain barrier (BBB) homeostasis; however, the …