Excitotoxicity, the specific type of neurotoxicity mediated by glutamate, may be the missing
link between ischemia and neuronal death, and intervening the mechanistic steps that lead …

This review focuses on mechanisms and emerging concepts that drive the science of stroke
in a therapeutic direction. Once considered exclusively a disorder of blood vessels, growing …

Extensive research on humans suggests that exercise could have benefits for overall health
and cognitive function, particularly in later life. Recent studies using animal models have …

Slowly but surely, Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients lose their memory and their cognitive
abilities, and even their personalities may change dramatically. These changes are due to …

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has an important role in regulating maintenance,
growth and survival of neurons. However, the main source of circulating BDNF in response …

Neuronal plasticity is a central theme of modern neurobiology, from cellular and molecular
mechanisms of synapse formation in Drosophila to behavioural recovery from strokes in …

The Morris water maze (MWM) was described 20 years ago as a device to investigate
spatial learning and memory in laboratory rats. In the meanwhile, it has become one of the …

Behavioural, cellular and molecular studies have revealed significant effects of enriched
environments on rodents and other species, and provided new insights into mechanisms of …

Advances in the fields of cognitive and affective developmental neuroscience,
developmental psychopathology, neurobiology, genetics, and applied behavior analysis …

Brain plasticity refers to the remarkable property of cerebral neurons to change their
structure and function in response to experience, a fundamental theoretical theme in the …