Network approaches to ecological questions have been increasingly used, particularly in
recent decades. The abstraction of ecological systems–such as communities–through …

Background Botanists, ecologists and evolutionary biologists are familiar with the
astonishing species richness and endemism of the fynbos of the Cape Floristic Region and …

Phenology has achieved a prominent position in current scenarios of global change
research given its role in monitoring and predicting the timing of recurrent life cycle events …

Although networks provide a powerful approach to study a large variety of ecological
systems, their formulation does not typically account for multiple interaction types …

Background Ocbil theory aims to develop hypotheses explaining the evolution and ecology
of, and best conservation practices for, biota on very old, climatically buffered, infertile …

Increasing rates of human-caused species invasions and extinctions may reshape
communities and modify the structure, dynamics, and stability of species interactions. To …

Morphology and phenology influence plant–pollinator network structure, but whether they
generate more stable pairwise interactions with higher pollination success remains …

Although species and their interactions in unison represent biodiversity and all the
ecological and evolutionary processes associated with life, biotic interactions have, contrary …

The temporal dynamics of plant phenology and pollinator abundance across seasons
should influence the structure of plant–pollinator interaction networks. Nevertheless, such …

When can ecological interactions drive an entire ecosystem into a persistent non-equilibrium
state, where many species populations fluctuate without going to extinction? We show that …