Soil is an immense habitat for diverse organisms across the tree of life, but just how many
organisms live in soil is surprisingly unknown. Previous efforts to enumerate soil biodiversity …

Soil microorganisms, by actively participating in the decomposition and transformation of
organic matter through diverse metabolic pathways, play a pivotal role in carbon cycling …

The concept of one health highlights that human health is not isolated but connected to the
health of animals, plants and environments. In this Review, we demonstrate that soils are a …

Soil microorganisms shape global element cycles in life and death. Living soil
microorganisms are a major engine of terrestrial biogeochemistry, driving the turnover of soil …

Relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (that is, ecosystem
multifunctionality) are context-dependent. Both plant and soil microbial diversity have been …

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing
nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground …

Plastics, especially microplastics in soils, are considered a severe environmental issue
worldwide. However, globally, the main research focus is on microplastic pollution in the …

While soil erosion drives land degradation, the impact of erosion on soil microbial
communities and multiple soil functions remains unclear. This hinders our ability to assess …

Soil fungi are fundamental to plant productivity, yet their influence on the temporal stability of
global terrestrial ecosystems, and their capacity to buffer plant productivity against extreme …

Soils are the foundation of all terrestrial ecosystems. However, unlike for plants and animals,
a global assessment of hotspots for soil nature conservation is still lacking. This hampers our …