B cells develop from hematopoietic precursor cells in an ordered maturation and selection
process. Extensive studies with many different mouse mutants provided fundamental …

In order to promote an efficient humoral immune response, germinal center B cells modify
both the antigen recognition and effector domains by programmed genetic alterations of …

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a distinct childhood cancer
predisposition syndrome that results from biallelic germline mutations in one of the four …

The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) and the American
College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) have jointly accepted responsibility for …

In the last years, advances in molecular genetics and immunology have resulted in the
identification of a growing number of genes causing primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) in …

Mounting evidence suggests that DNA damage plays a central role in aging. Multiple tiers of
defense have evolved to reduce the accumulation of DNA damage, including reducing …

IgH class switching occurs rapidly after activation of mature naive B cells, resulting in a
switch from expression of IgM and IgD to expression of IgG, IgE, or IgA; this switch improves …

Primary antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most common inherited immunodeficiencies in
humans. The use of novel approaches, such as whole-exome sequencing and mouse …

Primary antibody deficiencies are the most common primary immunodeficiency diseases.
They are a heterogeneous group of disorders with various degrees of dysfunctional antibody …

Malignancies occur with a higher incidence rate and manifest earlier in life in patients with
primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) than in the general population. However, no …