In architectural design, daylight has a contradictory effect on the indoor thermal and visual
comfort, and energy use. The resulting need to control or guide the daylight for reaching a …

Providing daylighting and glare control in office buildings has always been one of the
challenges for designers. This research investigates patterns for designing façades with …

As a state-of-the-art green façade technology, building-integrated microalgae bioreactor has
the potential to reduce buildings' carbon footprint and energy consumption. The present …

The building envelope has a great impact on the thermal/visual comfort of occupants and the
building energy demand. Accordingly, façade-integrated microalgae photobioreactors have …

As a recent trend in the energy-efficient architecture, microalgae bio-reactive façades can
control buildings' thermal loads by the responsiveness to solar radiations and adaptive …

Kindergartens play a crucial role in nurturing the physical, cognitive, and social development
of children. Hence, designing kindergarten buildings requires the consideration of the …

Kindergarten activity rooms benefit children's growth and development under good natural
indoor lighting conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct research on the …

The quality of indoor lighting significantly influences human well-being, emphasizing the
need to integrate lighting planning into the architectural design process. To optimize indoor …

The important objective of a building must be to provide a comfortable environment for
people. Heating ventilation and air conditioning systems provide a comfortable environment …

Microalgae are third-generation biomasses that can be used to extract bio-fuel with various
advantages from an ecological perspective. In addition, since it is cultivated in an …