The exponential growth of pollutant discharges into the environment due to increasing
industrial and agricultural activities is a rising threat for human health and a biggest concern …

Ageing is inherent to all human beings, yet why we age remains a hotly contested topic.
Most mechanistic explanations of ageing posit that ageing is caused by the accumulation of …

Parental environmental factors, including diet, body composition, metabolism, and stress,
affect the health and chronic disease risk of people throughout their lives, as captured in the …

Errors occurring during DNA replication can result in inaccurate replication, incomplete
replication, or re-replication, resulting in genome instability that can lead to diseases such as …

Following fertilization, the two specified gametes must unite to create an entirely new
organism. The genome is initially transcriptionally quiescent, allowing the zygote to be …

DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a major form of DNA modification in the
mammalian genome that plays critical roles in chromatin structure and gene expression. In …

A remarkable epigenetic remodelling process occurs shortly after fertilization, which restores
totipotency to the zygote. This involves global DNA demethylation, chromatin remodelling …

DNA methylation at the 5-position of cytosine (5mC) plays vital roles in mammalian
development. DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and the …

Mammalian fertilization begins with the fusion of two specialized gametes, followed by major
epigenetic remodeling leading to the formation of a totipotent embryo. During the …

Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of sperm and eggs, are established in
perigastrulation-stage embryos in mammals. Signals from extra-embryonic tissues induce a …