Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. Natural sources of
caffeine include coffee, tea, and chocolate. Synthetic caffeine is also added to products to …

The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased during last decades.
At present, some herbs are used to enhance muscle strength and body mass. Emergent …

Rationale Although reports of caffeine withdrawal in the medical literature date back more
than 170 years, the most rigorous experimental investigations of the phenomenon have …

Rationale Despite the large number of studies on the behavioural effects of caffeine, an
unequivocal conclusion had not been reached. In this review, we seek to disentangle a …

Caffeine intake is so common that its pharmacological effects on the mind are undervalued.
Since it is so readily available, individuals can adjust their own dose, time of administration …

The ergogenic effects of caffeine on athletic performance have been shown in many studies,
and its broad range of metabolic, hormonal, and physiologic effects has been recorded, as …

Rationale Caffeine produces mild psychostimulant effects that are thought to underlie its
widespread use. However, the direct effects of caffeine are difficult to evaluate in regular …

Energy drinks containing caffeine, taurine, and glucose may improve mood and cognitive
performance. However, there are no studies assessing the individual and interactive effects …

METHODS Participants. Male-only subjects were recruited through personal contacts,
advertisements in local sports clubs and the student pool of the University of Loughborough …

The reputed benefits of moderate caffeine consumption include improvements in physical
endurance, cognitive function, particularly alertness and vigilance, mood and perception of …