Vaccines, including subunit, recombinant, and conjugate vaccines, require the use of an
immunostimulator/adjuvant for maximum efficacy. Adjuvants not only enhance the strength …

The development of successful vaccines has been increasingly reliant on the use of
immunoadjuvants-additives, which can enhance and modulate immune responses to …

Mucosal sites serve as the main portal for the entry of pathogens and thus immunization
through mucosal routes can greatly improve the immunity. Researchers are continuously …

Polyphosphazenes are a class of experimental adjuvants that have shown great versatility
as vaccine adjuvants in many animal species ranging from laboratory rodents to large …

Polyphosphazene polyelectrolytes are synthetic, biodegradable polymers that have shown
great potential in vaccine and drug delivery applications. Numerous investigations in …

Chlamydial infections are wide spread in koalas across their range and a solution to this
debilitating disease has been sought for over a decade. Antibiotics are the currently …

The ultimate vaccine against infections caused by Nipah virus should be capable of
providing protection at the respiratory tract─ the most probable port of entry for this …

Vaccination has indubitably made noteworthy contribution to global health. Recent years
have witnessed the employment of subunit antigens rather than inactivated or live …

Background We previously demonstrated that polyphosphazenes, particularly PCEP,
enhance immune responses in mice immunized subcutaneously and intranasally. The …

A vast number of studies explore the potential of intradermal immunization, its role in the
developing of new and improved vaccines and providing access to them globally. The …