Unexpected events are part of everyday experience. They come in several varieties—action
errors, unexpected action outcomes, and unexpected perceptual events—and they lead to …

Metacognition–the ability to represent, monitor and control ongoing cognitive processes–
helps us perform many tasks, both when acting alone and when working with others. While …

People are often aware of their mistakes, and report levels of confidence in their choices that
correlate with objective performance. These metacognitive assessments of decision quality …

Successful goal-directed behavior requires not only correct action selection, planning, and
execution but also the ability to flexibly adapt behavior when performance problems occur or …

The greater power of bad events over good ones is found in everyday events, major life
events (eg, trauma), close relationship outcomes, social network patterns, interpersonal …

Schizophrenic patients have bizarre experiences which reflect a disorder in the contents of
consciousness. For example, patients hear voices talking about them or they are convinced …

Background: Several current theories emphasize the role of cognitive control in addiction.
The present review evaluates neural deficits in the domains of inhibitory control and error …

According to a recent theory, anterior cingulate cortex is sensitive to response conflict, the
coactivation of mutually incompatible responses. The present research develops this theory …

A decision is a commitment to a proposition or plan of action based on evidence and the
expected costs and benefits associated with the outcome. Progress in a variety of fields has …

Metacognition refers to any knowledge or cognitive process that monitors or controls
cognition. We highlight similarities between metacognitive and executive control functions …