Recent progress in high power ultrafast short-wave and mid-wave infrared lasers has
enabled gas-phase high harmonic generation (HHG) in the water window and beyond, as …

Since the first demonstration of the generation of attosecond pulses (1 as= 10− 18 s) in the
extreme-ultraviolet spectral region, several measurement techniques have been introduced …

When intense light interacts with an atomic gas, recollision between an ionizing electron and
its parent ion creates high-order harmonics of the fundamental laser frequency. This sub …

Time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS) has so far practically been limited to
large-scale facilities, to subpicosecond temporal resolution, and to the condensed phase …

The free-electron laser, first proposed by Madey in 1971, has significantly reduced laser
wavelengths to the vacuum ultraviolet, and soft X-ray regions. Recently, an X-ray free …

The generation of extremely short isolated attosecond pulses requires both a broad spectral
bandwidth and control of the spectral phase. Rapid progress has been made in both …

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases leads to short-pulse extreme ultraviolet
(XUV) radiation that is useful in a number of applications, such as attosecond science and …

Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) describes the quantum dynamics of
interacting electronic many-body systems formally exactly and in a practical and efficient …

The generation of ultrashort pulses is a key to exploring the dynamic behaviour of matter on
ever-shorter timescales. Recent developments have pushed the duration of laser pulses …

The rise time of intense radiation determines the maximum field strength atoms can be
exposed to before their polarizability dramatically drops due to the detachment of an outer …