Macrophages are influential members of the innate immune system that can be reversibly
polarized by different microenvironment signals. Cell polarization leads to a wide range of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogamous lipid bilayer-enclosed membranous
structures secreted by cells. They are comprised of apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and …

Numerous reports have elucidated the important participation of exosomes in the
communication between tumor cells and other cancer‐related cells including tumor …

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-
1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)–based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led …

Exosomes serve as a crucial mode of communication between tumor-associated
macrophages (TAMs) and cancer cells. This study attempted to explore the function of M1 …

Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of
malignant plasma cells nurtured within a permissive bone marrow microenvironment. While …

Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin that enclose a multitude
of functional biomolecules. Exosomes have emerged as key players of intercellular …

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), at the core of immunosuppressive cells
and cytokines networks, play a crucial role in tumor immune evasion. Increasing evidences …

A bio-inspired strategy has recently been developed for camouflaging nanocarriers with
biomembranes, such as natural cell membranes or subcellular structure-derived …

Tumor-derived exosomes play a pivotal role in regulating tumor progression by mediating
crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells such as macrophages within the tumor …