Plants are sessile; they cannot move to avoid adverse environmental conditions.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are induced in the plant by imposing different biotic …

In nature, plants must respond to multiple stresses simultaneously, which likely demands
cross-talk between stress-response pathways to minimize fitness costs. Here we provide …

Plant immunity depends on massive expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PRs)
whose transcription is de-repressed by pathogen-induced signals. Salicylic acid (SA) acts as …

Imbalance between the accumulation and removal of nitric oxide and its derivatives is a
challenge faced by all plants at the cellular level, and is especially important under stress …

The study of plant hormones is critical to understanding development, physiology and
interactions of plants with their environment. Synthetic biology holds promise to provide a …

Proteasome‐mediated turnover of the transcription coactivator NPR 1 is pivotal for efficient
activation of the broad‐spectrum plant immune responses known as localized acquired …

Salicylic acid (SA) is a major defense signal in plants. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana),
the chloroplast-localized isochorismate pathway is the main source of SA biosynthesis …

Grain size is determined by the size and number of cells in the grain. The regulation of grain
size is crucial for improving crop yield; however, the genes and molecular mechanisms that …

Arabidopsis MAP kinase 4 (MPK4) has been proposed to be a negative player in plant
immunity, and it is also activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such …

Plants respond to insect eggs with transcriptional changes, resulting in enhanced defence
against hatching larvae. However, it is unknown whether phylogenetically distant plant …