for digital applications (smartphones, etc.). These versions are abridged and thus, for more
detailed information, the user should always access to the full text version of the guidelines …

1Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, University Heart Center Zurich,
Switzerland; 2Age-Related Health Care, Tallaght University Hospital/Department of …

Background Catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation is an effective treatment for
paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pulsed field ablation, which delivers microsecond high-voltage …

Importance Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone is less effective in patients with persistent
atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with paroxysmal AF. The left atrial posterior wall may …

The consensus of the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) on stroke prevention in
atrial fibrillation (AF) has been published in 2017 which provided useful clinical guidance for …

AIM The “2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial
Fibrillation” provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory molecules post-transcriptionally suppressing
mRNA activity. Many miRNAs in various organisms have been cloned but many unknown …

or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Importance Ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a challenge. Left atrial
fibrosis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of AF and has been associated with …

Background: In patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF), several clinical trials
have reported improved outcomes, including freedom from AF recurrence, quality of life, and …