Background AS1411 is a 26-mer G-rich DNA oligonucleotide that forms a variety of G-
quadruplex structures. It was identified based on its cancer-selective antiproliferative activity …

Nucleolin (NCL) is one of the most abundant non ribosomal protein of the nucleolus where it
plays a central role in polymerase I transcription. NCL is also found outside of the nucleolus …

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and heparan sulfate proteoglycans are major constituents
of the extracellular matrix and the cell surface in the brain. Proteoglycans bind with many …

Highlights•Nucleolin is overexpressed at the surface cancer cells and tumor
vasculature.•Nucleolin enables dual cellular targeting strategies.•Surface nucleolin as a …

A large number of mostly recent reports show enhanced expression of the multi-functional
protein nucleolin (NCL) on the surface of activated lymphocytes, angiogenic endothelial and …

Integrin αvβ3 is generously expressed by cancer cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells.
The principal ligands of the integrin are extracellular matrix proteins, but we have described …

AS1411 (previously known as AGRO100) is a 26 nucleotide guanine-rich DNA aptamer
which forms a guanine quadruplex structure. AS1411 has shown promising utility as a …

Cytokines are pivotal in the generation and resolution of the inflammatory response. The
midkine/pleiotrophin (MK/PTN) family of cytokines, composed of just two members, was …

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a potent mitogenic cytokine with a high affinity for the polysaccharide
glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Although it is most strongly associated with neural development …

Chondroitin sulfate E (CS‐E) is a glycosaminoglycan containing type‐E disaccharide units
(sulfated at C‐4 and C‐6 of N‐acetylgalactosamine). CS‐E is covalently linked to a core …