Metabolic homeostasis in mammals is tightly regulated by the complementary actions of
insulin and glucagon. The secretion of these hormones from pancreatic β-cells and α-cells …

Incretin hormones, principally glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and
glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), potentiate meal-stimulated insulin secretion through direct …

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is produced in gut endocrine cells and in the
brain, and acts through hormonal and neural pathways to regulate islet function, satiety, and …

The evolution of glucagon has seen the transition from an impurity in the preparation of
insulin to the development of glucagon receptor agonists for use in type 1 diabetes. In type 2 …

The peptide hormone glucagon, discovered in late 1922, is secreted from pancreatic alpha
cells and is an essential regulator of metabolic homeostasis. This review summarises …

Summary Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic
polypeptide (GIP) are incretins that stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells in …

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) communicates nutrient intake from the
gut to islets, enabling optimal levels of insulin secretion via the GIP receptor (GIPR) on β …

Background Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is one of two incretin hormones
that communicate nutrient intake with systemic metabolism. Although GIP was the first …

The islet of Langerhans is a complex endocrine micro-organ consisting of a multitude of
endocrine and non-endocrine cell types. The two most abundant and prominent endocrine …

Objective Glucagon/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor co-agonists may provide
greater weight loss than agonists targeting the GLP-1 receptor alone. We report results from …