Due to emergence of new variants of pathogenic micro-organisms the treatment and
immunization of infectious diseases have become a great challenge in the past few years. In …

This review outlines the new developments on chitosan-based bioapplications. Over the last
decade, functional biomaterials research has developed new drug delivery systems and …

Viral infections, in addition to damaging host cells, can compromise the host immune
system, leading to frequent relapse or long-term persistence. Viruses have the capacity to …

Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer derived from chitin that has wide applications in drugs,
vaccines, and antigen delivery. The distinctive mucoadhesive, biocompatibility …

Engineering vaccine-based therapeutics for infectious diseases is highly challenging, as
trial formulations are often found to be nonspecific, ineffective, thermally or hydrolytically …

Inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have improved human life and significantly reduced
morbidity and mortality of several human infectious diseases. However, these vaccines have …

Biopolymers found in marine animals and plants offer tremendous, largely untapped
pharmaceutical potential. Research shows that these biopolymers can be used to combat …

Despite many years of research, human DNA vaccines have yet to fulfill their early promise.
Over the past 15 years, multiple generations of DNA vaccines have been developed and …

Nanoscience and nanotechnology has caused important breakthroughs in different
therapeutic areas. In particular, the application of nanotechnology in ophthalmology has led …

Alternatives to efficient viral vectors in gene therapy are desired because of their poor safety
profiles. Chitosan is a promising non-viral nucleotide delivery vector because of its …