Synapses, as fundamental units of the neural circuitry, enable complex behaviors. The
neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a synapse type that forms between motoneurons and …

Glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a 134 amino acid protein belonging in
the GDNF family ligands (GFLs). GDNF was originally isolated from rat glial cell lines and …

Cadherins and catenins are thought to promote adhesion between pre and postsynaptic
elements in the brain. Here we show a role for β-catenin in localizing the reserved pool of …

To clarify the role of Ret signaling components in enteric nervous system (ENS)
development, we evaluated ENS anatomy and intestinal contractility in mice heterozygous …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in which there is a
progressive loss of motor neurons and their connections to muscle, leading to paralysis. In …

Bidirectional molecular communication between the motoneuron and the muscle is vital for
neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation and maintenance. The molecular mechanisms …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by
progressive loss of spinal cord, brainstem, and cortical motor neurons. In a minority of …

The GDNF family ligands (GFLs) signal through the canonical signaling receptor Ret and a
glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored co-receptor, GFRα. In recent years, signaling by …

Abstract Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting
both the upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), with no effective treatment currently …

The establishment of synaptic connections requires precise alignment of pre-and
postsynaptic terminals. The glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor …