Extensive experimental animal studies and epidemiological observations have shown that
environmental influences during early development affect the risk of later pathophysiological …

There are now robust data supporting the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
(DOHaD) paradigm. This includes human and animal data focusing on nutrition or …

Abstract This White Paper highlights the developmental period as a plastic phase, which
allows the organism to adapt to changes in the environment to maintain or improve …

Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the contamination that persists after secondhand tobacco smoke
has been emitted into air. It refers to the tobacco-related gases and particles that become …

Background: In the United States, one in six children are affected by neurodevelopmental
disorders, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in flame-retardant chemicals are …

Electronic cigarettes (EC) and refill fluids are distributed with little information on their pre-
and postnatal health effects. This study compares the cytotoxicity of EC refill fluids using …

Passage of environmental chemicals across the placenta has important toxicological
consequences, as well as for choosing samples for analysis and for interpreting the results …

In a prior study on electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids, Cinnamon Ceylon was the most
cytotoxic of 36 products tested. The purpose of the current study was to determine if high …

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a large group of chemicals used in different industrial
and commercial applications. Studies have suggested the potential of some PFCs to disrupt …

Few criminologists have drawn attention to the fact that widespread and significant forms of
harm such as green or environmental crimes are neglected by criminology. Others have …