Since the initial development of charged particle colliders in the middle of the 20th century,
these advanced scientific instruments have been at the forefront of scientific discoveries in …

The use of accelerated beams of electrons, protons or ions has furthered the development of
nearly every scientific discipline. However, high-energy muon beams of equivalent quality …

Crystalline, confined ionic systems exhibit well defined phase transitions as a function of the
anisotropy of the confining potential. The transitions from one to two dimensions, from two to …

THE possibility of creating ordered ion beams in high-energy storage rings1, 2 by means of
electron and laser cooling has opened up a new era in accelerator physics. The enhanced …

We observed phase transitions and ordered structures of laser-cooled Mg+ ions stored in a
radio-frequency quadrupole storage ring with a diameter of 115 mm. The ions are confined …

The existing CERN accelerator infrastructure is world unique and its research capacity
should be fully exploited. In the coming decade its principal modus operandi will be focused …

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY in the high-transition-temperature (high-T c) copper oxide
superconductors seems to arise from layers of copper–oxygen squares, pyramids or …

It is shown theoretically that a coupling cavity (namely, an rf cavity operating in the TM 210
mode) inserted into a storage ring will enhance the coupling between longitudinal and …

The low-energy states of a beam of charged particles subject to circumferentially varying
guiding and focusing forces is studied by first deriving a Hamiltonian and then using …

Molecular dynamics is employed to study the nature and magnitude of beam cooling that is
required in order to achieve a crystalline beam. Analysis is presented of a number of cooling …