Although antiretroviral therapy effectively controls human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
replication, a residual chronic immune activation/inflammation persists throughout the …

There is a large global unmet need for the development of countermeasures to combat
hundreds of viruses known to cause human disease and for the establishment of a …

Abstract Th17-polarized CD4+ effector T-cells together with their immunosuppressive
regulatory T-cell (Treg) counterparts, with transcriptional profiles governed by the lineage …

Although people with HIV are living longer, as they age they remain disproportionately
burdened with multimorbidity that is exacerbated in resource-poor settings. The geroscience …

Metformin has been a long-standing prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D)
and its beneficial effects on virus infection, autoimmune diseases, aging and cancers are …

In the last decade, studies in persons with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have
shed light on the significance of persistently high CD8 counts and low CD4/CD8 ratios. A …

Among CD4+ T-cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a sentinel role in the defense against
bacterial/fungal pathogens at mucosal barriers. However, Th17 cells are also highly …

HIV‐1 infects lymphoid and myeloid cells, which can harbor a latent proviral reservoir
responsible for maintaining lifelong infection. Glycolytic metabolism has been identified as a …

Chronic immune activation has a significant role in HIV-1 disease pathogenesis and CD4+ T-
cell depletion. The causes of chronic inflammation and immune activation are incompletely …

Human Immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) relies on host cell metabolism for all aspects
of viral replication. Efficient HIV-1 entry, reverse transcription, and integration occurs in …