This paper aims to provide an overview on recent advances in ionospheric modeling
capabilities, with the emphasis in the efforts relevant to electron density variability. The …

Abstract The Assimilative Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (A‐CHAIM) is an
operational ionospheric data assimilation model that provides a 3D representation of the …

Here, we assess to what extent the Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (E‐
CHAIM) can reproduce the climatological variations of vertical Total Electron Content (vTEC) …

Abstract The Empirical Canadian High Artic Ionospheric Model (E‐CHAIM) provides the four‐
dimensional ionosphere electron density at northern high latitudes (> 50° geomagnetic …

Sky-wave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) propagates radio waves off the ionosphere to
provide long-range surveillance around the Earth's curvature. Frequency selection for high …

The Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (E-CHAIM) is a new empirical 3-D
electron density model intended as an alternative to the use of conventional standards, such …

The electron density in the ionosphere usually continuously decreases during nighttime due
to the vanishing of sunlit ionization. However, it sometimes increases unexpectedly, which …

Over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) systems operating in the high‐frequency (HF) band (3–30
MHz) are unique in their ability to detect targets at extreme ranges, offering cost‐effective …

The topside ionosphere extends from the F2-layer peak, where the electron density reaches
its absolute maximum in the ionosphere, to the overlying plasmasphere and …

Long-term trends in the evolution of ionospheric plasma at Hyderabad (17.38∘ N, 78.48∘ E;
8.52∘ N Magnetic Latitude), a near-equatorial anomaly (EIA) crest region of the Indian …