In the majority of patients multiple sclerosis starts with a relapsing remitting course (RRMS),
which may at later times transform into secondary progressive disease (SPMS). In a minority …

Recent findings have provided a molecular basis for the combined contributions of
multifaceted risk factors for the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS appears to start as a …

The contribution of genetic inheritance in multiple sclerosis was established early on.
Although multiple sclerosis is not a Mendelian disease, its incidence and prevalence is …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune mediated, inflammatory and demyelinating disease of
the central nervous system (CNS). Substantial evidence points toward monocytes and …

Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Shortened telomere
lengths (TL) are an indicator of premature biological aging and have been associated with a …

Vitamin D has a plethora of functions that are important for the maintenance of general
health and in particular, the functional integrity of the immune system, such as promoting an …

Background: A pro-inflammatory diet has been posited to induce chronic inflammation within
the central nervous system (CNS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of …

Background Modifiable risk factors such as smoking and sedentary lifestyle adversely affect
multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. Few multimodal behavioural interventions have been …

Limited studies have been conducted to identify and validate multiple sclerosis (MS) genetic
loci associated with disability progression. We aimed to identify MS genetic loci associated …

No genetic modifiers of multiple sclerosis (MS) severity have been independently validated,
leading to a lack of insight into genetic determinants of the rate of disability progression. We …