Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Global climate models (GCMs) are developed to simulate past climate and produce
projections of climate in future. Their roles in ascertaining regional issues and possible …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Climate change has multiple effects on Baltic Sea species, communities and ecosystem
functioning through changes in physical and biogeochemical environmental characteristics …

Recently performed scenario simulations for the Baltic Sea including marine
biogeochemistry were analyzed and compared with earlier published projections. The Baltic …

Efforts to manage living marine resources (LMRs) under climate change need projections of
future ocean conditions, yet most global climate models (GCMs) poorly represent critical …

Drought events have considerable direct and indirect economic, environmental, and social
impacts, but few studies have analyzed and assessed future changes in drought disasters …

Coastal seas worldwide suffer from increasing human impact. One of the most severe
environmental threats is excessive nutrient pollution from land, which causes oxygen …

Abstract The Baltic Sea is a shallow, semi-enclosed brackish sea suffering like many other
coastal seas from eutrophication caused by human impact. Hence, nutrient load abatement …

This model study investigates summer hydrographic changes in response to climate
projections following the CMIP5 RCP8. 5 scenario. We use the high resolution regional …