By definition, the aggregating methodology ensures that transmitted data remain visible in
clear text in the aggregated units or nodes. Data transmission without encryption is …

The underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) is crucial for monitoring marine
environments and detecting underwater targets. Reliable networking, especially routing …

Localization in underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) faces an imminent threat when
the triangulating anchor node starts to malfunction. Traditional geometric approaches are …

Localization in harsh and complex environments, such as industrial, confined or
underground mines, is paramount. This paper presents a comparative localization study of …

Due to the high bit error ratio, long propagation delay, low transmission bandwidth and
limited energy of sensor nodes, designing an appropriate routing protocol is an important …