Wind-waves have an important role in Earth system dynamics through air–sea interactions
and are key drivers of coastal and offshore hydro-morphodynamics that affect communities …

Large quantities of methane are stored in hydrates and permafrost within shallow marine
sediments in the Arctic Ocean. These reservoirs are highly sensitive to climate warming, but …

New metrics and evidence are presented that support a linkage between rapid Arctic
warming, relative to Northern hemisphere mid-latitudes, and more frequent high-amplitude …

This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide
basic information for use in climate change adaptation in Svalbard. It includes descriptions …

Extreme waves will undergo changes in the future when exposed to different climate change
scenarios. These changes are evaluated through the analysis of significant wave height (Hs) …

The rapid Arctic summer sea ice reduction in the last decade has lead to debates in the
maritime industries on the possibility of an increase in cargo transportation in the region …

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body
for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Over the past decade, the diminishing Arctic sea ice has impacted the wave field, which
depends on the ice-free ocean and wind. This study characterizes the wave climate in the …

Sea state data are of major importance for climate studies, marine engineering, safety at sea
and coastal management. However, long-term sea state datasets are sparse and not always …