The increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have become a major
environmental challenge due to their contribution to global warming. The primary drivers of …

Abstract Explanations for the Late Bronze Age crisis and collapse in the eastern
Mediterranean are legion: migrations, predations by external forces, political struggles within …

Climatic changes during the first half of the Common Era have been suggested to play a role
in societal reorganizations in Europe 1, 2 and Asia 3, 4. In particular, the sixth century …

Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has
been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading …

Here is the monumental retelling of one of the most consequential chapters of human
history: the fall of the Roman Empire. The Fate of Rome is the first book to examine the …

Records of past societies confronted with natural climate change can illuminate social
responses to environmental stress and environment-disease connections, especially when …

A powerful and provocative exploration of how war has changed our society—for the better."
War!..../What is it good for?/Absolutely nothing," says the famous song—but archaeology …

During the Principate (roughly 27 BCE to 235 CE), when the empire reached its maximum
extent, Roman society and culture were radically transformed. But how was the vast territory …

A global compilation of glacier advances and retreats for the past two millennia grouped by
17 regions (excluding Antarctica) highlights the nature of glacier fluctuations during the late …

The Mediterranean region contains a diverse and interesting climate ranging from areas
with permanent glaciers to areas of subtropical, semiarid regions. The region is potentially …