West Nile virus (WNV) continues to be a major cause of human arboviral neuroinvasive
disease. Susceptible non-human vertebrates are particularly diverse, ranging from …

Since the first detection of West Nile virus in the Western Hemisphere in 1999, the virus has
spread rapidly across the North American continent and as far south as Argentina. An …

We studied the effects of natural and/or experimental infections of West Nile virus (WNV) in
five raptor species from July 2002 to March 2004, including American kestrels (Falco …

Abstract Exposures to West Nile virus (WNV) have been documented in a variety of wild
mammals in both the New and Old Worlds. This review tabulates at least 100 mammal …

West Nile fever (WNF) is a zoonotic disease, occurring nearly globally. In Madagascar, West
Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in 1978 from wild birds and the virus is currently …

Before the introduction of the West Nile virus (WNV) into the United States of America (USA)
in 1999, conditions in North America were ideal for an arboviral epidemic. Such factors as …

A polar bear (Ursus maritimus) housed at the Toronto Zoo presented with acute-onset,
nonambulatory paraparesis. Physical examination 24 hr after onset was otherwise …

Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian pigs (Sus scrofa domestica)
that are raised extensively outdoors, as well as other wild mesomammals from south central …

We report the association of West Nile virus infection, isolated vasculitis, and stroke in a 9-
year-old girl. West Nile virus is of growing epidemiologic importance and should be …

We tested serum samples from 387 free-ranging wolves (Canis lupus) from 2007 to 2013 for
exposure to eight canid pathogens to establish baseline data on disease prevalence and …