The pathophysiology of glaucoma is complex, multifactorial and not completely understood.
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or impaired retinal blood flow may cause initial optic …

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of inherited blindness and is
characterised by the progressive loss of retinal photoreceptors. However, RP is a highly …

Microglia, the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS), act as
neuropathology sensors and are neuroprotective under physiological conditions. Microglia …

The mammalian retina provides an excellent opportunity to study glia–neuron interactions
and the interactions of glia with blood vessels. Three main types of glial cells are found in …

Microglia, the primary resident immune cell type, constitute a key population of glia in the
retina. Recent evidence indicates that microglia play significant functional roles in the retina …

Resident microglial cells can be regarded as the immunological watchdogs of the brain and
the retina. They are active sensors of their neuronal microenvironment and rapidly respond …

The retina is an immune privileged tissue, which is protected from external and internal
insults by its blood-retina barriers and immune suppressive microenvironment. Apart from …

Inflammation is an adaptive response of the immune system to noxious insults to maintain
homeostasis and restore functionality. The retina is considered an immune-privileged tissue …

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain and retina, are constantly engaged in the
surveillance of their surrounding neural tissue. During embryonic development they infiltrate …

Microglia, the resident immune cells in the retina and nervous system, make irreplaceable
contributions to the maintenance of normal homeostasis and immune surveillance of these …