Common symptoms of overt hypothyroidism are non-specific and include fatigue, lethargy,
and dry skin. Although the diagnosis is considered to be straightforward, no single symptom …

Background: Despite being the most performed laboratory endocrine investigation, the
optimum use of thyroid tests (thyrotropin [TSH] and thyroid hormone [TH] measurement) is …

Purpose To provide an overview of consequences of undertreatment with levothyroxine
(LT4) in the common non-communicable disease, hypothyroidism. Methods Narrative review …

Context Guidelines recommend use of population-and trimester-specific thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) reference intervals (RIs) in pregnancy. Since these …

Background: The relationship between isolated hypothyroxinemia (IH) in pregnancy and
adverse pregnancy outcomes is controversial, with no consensus on the need for treatment …

Purpose We aimed to clarify the influence of thyroid autoantibodies at various clinical stages
of hypothyroidism on the risk of pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation. Methods We …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with its high economic and societal costs, is a growing
public health concern whose prevalence has risen steadily over the last two decades …

Background Standard thyroid function parameters reference intervals (RI) are unsuitable
during pregnancy, potentially resulting in incongruous treatments that may cause adverse …

Importance Postpartum depression (PPD) has a major impact on maternal and offspring well-
being, with multiple possible risk factors: Studies on the association of thyroid peroxidase …

Introduction Infertility affects 8-12% of couples worldwide, with 15-30% classified as
unexplained infertility (UI). Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI), the most common autoimmune …