Abstract Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 belongs to the TLR family of receptors inducing pro-
inflammatory responses to invading pathogens. TLR4 is activated by lipopolysaccharide …

Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are
elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to …

The intestinal barrier is complex and consists of multiple layers, and it provides a physical
and functional barrier to the transport of luminal contents to systemic circulation. While the …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of liver disease. To
elucidate the molecular basis of NAFLD, we performed an exome-wide association study of …

Periodontitis has been implicated as a risk factor for metabolic disorders such as type 2
diabetes, atherosclerotic vascular diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Although …

The composition of the gut microbiota and excessive ingestion of high‐fat diets (HFD) are
considered to be important factors for development of obesity. In this review we describe a …

High ambient temperature has multiple potential effects on the organism such as
hyperthermia, endotoxemia, and/or systemic inflammation. However, it is often difficult to …

A simple and sensitive fluorescent assay for detecting alkaline phosphatase (ALP) based on
the inner filter effect (IFE) has been proven, which is conceptually different from the …

Metabolic endotoxemia, commonly derived from gut dysbiosis, is a primary cause of chronic
low grade inflammation that underlies many chronic diseases. Here we show that mice fed a …

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of early death in the settings of chronic kidney
disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and ageing. Cardiovascular events can be …