The ability of articular cartilage to repair itself is limited because it lacks blood vessels,
nerves, and lymph tissue. Once damaged, it can lead to joint swelling and pain, accelerating …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease characterized by the destruction of
articular cartilage and chronic inflammation of surrounding tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase …

Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells within the synovial joints, and also the
main innate immune effector cells triggering the initial inflammatory responses in the …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease in the elderly. Although OA has been
considered as primarily a disease of the articular cartilage, the participation of subchondral …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complicated degenerative disease that affects whole joint tissue.
Currently, apart from surgical approaches to treat late stage OA, effective treatments to …

Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent chronic and debilitating joint disease, resulting in huge
medical and socioeconomic burdens. Intra-articular administration of agents is clinically …

Articular cartilage repair is a critical issue in osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. The insulin-like
growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway has been implicated in articular cartilage repair. IGF-1 …

Background Articular cartilage defects are a veritable therapeutic problem because
therapeutic options are very scarce. Due to the poor self-regeneration capacity of cartilage …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is thought to be the primary cause of low back pain, a
severe public health problem worldwide. Current therapy for IDD aims to alleviate the …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is defined as a degenerative joint disease that can affect all tissues of the
joint, including the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments capsule, and synovial …