Biological systems can perform complex tasks with high compliance levels. This makes them
a great source of inspiration for soft robotics. Indeed, the union of these fields has brought …

This paper presents a comprehensive review of ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC)
actuators. Recently, strong emphasis has been put on investigating various ionic polymer …

Stimulus-active polymers can vary their shapes (configuration or dimension) or produce
mechanical power in response to external stimuli such as heat, electricity, light, magnetic …

Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) transducers, as one of the typical electroactive
polymers with excellent electromechanical coupling properties, have tremendous potential …

The ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) is one type of electro-active materials with the
characteristics of low electric driving potential, large deformation and aquatic manipulation. It …

Recently, attempts have been made to develop ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC),
which is garnering growing interest for ionic artificial muscle, as a soft actuator and sensor …

Existing robots capable of hopping or running mostly rely on rigid actuators, but soft hopping
or running robots based on muscle-like actuators have not yet been achieved. In this article …

A variety of stimuli‐responsive polymers have been developed and used as actuators and/or
artificial muscles, with the movement being driven by an external stimulus, such as electrical …

In this paper, we investigated the effect of dehydration on mechanical and physicochemical
properties of Au (Gold)-and Pd (Palladium)-IPMC using water as solvent. By comparison, the …

Elevated levels of Troponin I, a cardiac biomarker, is indicative of an Acute Myocardial
Infarction. However, current immunosensing methods to detect the presence of Troponin I …