Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for numerous disorders, including
cardiovascular diseases, respiratory conditions, and various forms of cancer. While the exact …

Dysregulated lipid metabolism plays crucial roles in various diseases, including diabetes
mellitus, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that alterations in major …

Biological sex profoundly conditions organismal development and physiology, imposing
wide-ranging effects on cell signaling, metabolism, and immune response. These effects …

Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), the enzyme that catabolizes tryptophan
(Trp) metabolism to promote regulatory T cells (Tregs) and suppress CD8+ T cells, is …

With the broad application of nanoparticles, nanotoxicology has attracted substantial
attention in environmental science. However, the methods for detecting few and targeted …

Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is the primary risk factor for developing chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease. The impact of CS exposure on the molecular mechanisms involved in …

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and the link between oncogenes
activation, tumor supressors inactivation and bioenergetics modulation is well established …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are associated with adipokine homeostasis
and insulin resistance. Whereas, smoking can disturb metabolic homeostasis. Present study …

Smoking is a pernicious practice prevalent worldwide. It involves breathing of burnt-tobacco
fumes/smoke which comprises of numerous chemical entities posing deleterious aftermaths …

Cigarette smoke (CS) is known to cause impaired mitophagy and mitochondrial
dysregulation in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …