An effective immune response requires the engagement of host receptors by pathogen‐
derived molecules and the stimulation of an appropriate cellular response. Therefore, a …

It is known that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from cells of almost every type of cell or
organism, showing their ubiquity in all empires of life. EVs are defined as naturally released …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a ubiquitous mechanism for transferring
information between cells and organisms across all three kingdoms of life. In addition to their …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered much interest in the cell biology and biomedical
research fields. Many studies have reported the existence of EVs in all types of living cells …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous, rounded vesicles released by prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells in their normal and pathophysiological states. These vesicles form a network …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are now understood to be ubiquitous mediators of cellular
communication. In this review, we suggest that EVs have evolved into a highly regulated …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a prominent mechanism of transport and interaction
between cells, especially microbes. Increasing evidence indicates that EVs play a key role in …

Whereas extracellular vesicle (EV) research has become commonplace in different
biomedical fields, this field of research is still in its infancy in mycology. Here we provide a …

The supergroup Holomycota, composed of Fungi and several related lineages of unicellular
organisms (Nucleariida, Rozellida, Microsporidia, and Aphelida), represents one of the …

The commensal fungus Candida albicans secretes a considerable number of proteins and,
as in different fungal pathogens, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have also been observed. Our …