The development of modern times in robotics and mechanization technology has increased
significantly in the past few decades due to their high efficiency in time and energy. In the …

In recent years, as a result of the significant development of information and communications
technology, people have been paying much attention to automated guided vehicles (AGVs) …

Emerging automotive engineering solutions extensively rely on navigation tools. Shortest
path evaluation is core competency of optimal path planning, one of the most critical …

Abstract Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is created in the context of the full
development and progress of contemporary science and technology, aiming to help people …

Perkembangan zaman modern di sektor teknologi robotika dan mekanisasi telah meningkat
sangat signifikan dalam beberapa dekade ini, karena mempunyai nilai efisiensi yang tinggi …