The target of rapamycin (TOR), discovered 30 years ago, is a highly conserved
serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a central role in regulating cell growth and …

The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in
regulation of cell survival, metabolism, growth and protein synthesis in response to upstream …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex, chronic and progressive neurodegenerative
disease. While the etiology of PD is likely multifactorial, the protein α-synuclein is a central …

Macromolecular crowding has a profound impact on reaction rates and the physical
properties of the cell interior, but the mechanisms that regulate crowding are poorly …

Green tea is a beverage that is widely consumed worldwide and is believed to exert effects
on different diseases, including cancer. The major components of green tea are catechins, a …

Translation is a key step in the regulation of gene expression and one of the most energy-
consuming processes in the cell. In response to various stimuli, multiple signaling pathways …

Abstract Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a critical multi-faceted role in the regulation
of the cell cycle. It is known to dephosphorylate over 300 substrates involved in the cell …

Akt kinase, a member of AGC kinases, is important in many cellular functions including
proliferation, migration, cell growth and metabolism. There are three known Akt isoforms …

The conserved serine/threonine kinase mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin), a
downstream effector of the PI3K/AKT pathway, forms two distinct multiprotein complexes …

The ribosomal protein S6K (S6 kinase) represents an extensively studied effector of the
TORC1 [TOR (target of rapamycin) complex 1], which possesses important yet incompletely …