Humankind is currently heavily reliant on fossil fuel for its energy supply. However, fossil
fuels are a nonrenewable source. It requires hundreds of millions of years for fossil fuels to …

The enormous interest in the synthesis, physical properties, and applications of the various
forms of titanium oxide materials is based on many factors. Being nontoxic, abundant, and …

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a next-generation photovoltaic energy conversion
technology due to their low cost, ability to fabrication on various substrates, structural …

This study employed a solution-based method to prepare a 3-D hybrid material comprising
graphene and acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The adsorption of …

New technologies need environmental and economic cooperation. Energy consumption is
fundamental to human survival, making sustainable development imperative. When …

TiO2 is n-type, wide band-gap and environmentally friendly semiconductor with good
biocompatibility and stability. On the one hand, owing to the large surface area, TiO2 …

Anatase TiO2 microspheres with exposed mirror-like plane {001} facets were successfully
synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process. The photoanode composed of TiO2 …

The ionic liquid N-butyl-N′-(4-pyridylheptyl) imidazolium bis (trifluoromethane) sulfonimide
(BuPyIm-TFSI) was used as a dual-functional additive to improve the electrical properties of …

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) serves as an efficient electron‐transport channel between
dye molecules and the electrode in a dye‐sensitized solar cell due to the formation of an …

The exposed active sites of semiconductor catalysts are essential to the photocatalytic
energy conversion efficiency. However, it is difficult to directly observe such active sites and …