We aimed to investigate the extent of alterations in the pro/antioxidant balance in the blood
of patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in relation to drug-modified …

The climate is changing rapidly, and terrestrial ectotherms are expected to be particularly
vulnerable to changes in temperature and water regime, but also to an increase in extreme …

The upregulation of endogenous antioxidants is a widespread phenomenon in animals that
tolerate hypoxia/anoxia for extended periods. The identity of the mobilized antioxidant is …

Preparation for oxidative stress (POS) is a widespread adaptive response to harsh
environmental conditions, whose hallmark is the upregulation of antioxidants. In contrast to …

States of natural dormancy include estivation and hibernation. Ampullariids are exemplary
because they undergo estivation when deprived of water or hibernation when exposed to …

Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) are important antioxidant enzymes that act at distinct levels
of the antioxidant defense. In vertebrates, there are several glutathione peroxidase (GPx) …

The effect of hibernation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense was assessed in the
frog Nanorana parkeri which inhabits the southern Tibetan Plateau. We compared the …

Polymerization of actin filaments and microtubules constitutes a ubiquitous demand for
cellular adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP). In …

In spring, frogs from temperate regions are faced with arousal-induced oxidative stress and
exposure to various xenobiotics from the environment. The question is whether pollutants …

Complete insect metamorphosis requires substantial metabolic and physiological
adjustments. Although oxidative stress has been implicated in metamorphosis, details on …