Abstract The standard Λ Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model provides a good
description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a …

Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin
of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent …

Various pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments (NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, CPTA, including
data from InPTA) very recently reported evidence for excess red common-spectrum signals …

A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

We present constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r using a combination of BICEP/Keck
2018 (BK18) and Planck PR4 data allowing us to fit for r consistently with the six parameters …

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) have reported evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave (GW)
background at nanohertz frequencies, possibly originating in the early Universe. We show …

Abstract LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation
from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology …

The existence of nonzero neutrino masses points to the likely existence of multiple Standard
Model neutral fermions. When such states are heavy enough that they cannot be produced …

ABSTRACT We introduce the Virgo Consortium's FLAMINGO suite of hydrodynamical
simulations for cosmology and galaxy cluster physics. To ensure the simulations are …

We review the current status of Early Dark Energy (EDE) models proposed to resolve the
“Hubble tension”, the discrepancy between “direct” measurements of the current expansion …