Localized or topical administration of drugs may be considered as a potential approach for
overcoming the problems caused by the various biological barriers encountered in drug …

Due to emergence of new variants of pathogenic micro-organisms the treatment and
immunization of infectious diseases have become a great challenge in the past few years. In …

Despite the wide success of antibiotics in modern medicine, the treatment of bacterial
infections still faces critical challenges, especially due to the rapid emergence of antibiotic …

Molecular self-assembly has enabled the fabrication of biologically inspired, advanced
nanostructures as lipid-based nanovesicles (L-NVs). The oldest L-NVs, liposomes, have …

Liposomes—microscopic phospholipid bubbles with a bilayered membrane structure—have
received a lot of attention during the past 30 years as pharmaceutical carriers of great …

Despite the wide success of antibiotics, the treatment of bacterial infections still faces
significant challenges, particularly the emergence of antibiotic resistance. As a result …

In the field of antibiotherapy, intracellular infections remain difficult to eradicate mainly due to
the poor intracellular penetration of most of the commonly used antibiotics. Bacteria have …

A surprisingly large proportion of new drug candidates emerging from drug discovery
programmes are water insoluble, and therefore poorly bioavailable, leading to abandoned …

The lung is an attractive target for drug delivery due to noninvasive administration via
inhalation aerosols, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, direct delivery to the site of action …

With the arrival of antibiotics 70 years ago, meant a paradigm shift in overcoming infectious
diseases. For decades, drugs have been used to treat different infections. However, with …