Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are subcellular messengers in signal transductions
pathways with both beneficial and deleterious roles. ROS are generated as a by-product of …

The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration,
with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells …

Living organisms use a large repertoire of anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain their
physiological body functions, many of which include oxidation and reduction of substrates …

The liver metabolizes ethanol through three enzymatic pathways: alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH), cytochrome p450 (also called MEOS), and catalase. Alcohol dehydrogenase class I …

Redox biology is at the core of life sciences, accompanied by the close correlation of redox
processes with biological activities. Redox homeostasis is a prerequisite for human health …

Fibrosis is universally observed in multiple aging-related diseases and progressions and is
characterized by excess accumulation of the extracellular matrix. Fibrosis occurs in various …

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a non-radical reactive oxygen species generated during many
(patho) physiological conditions, is currently universally recognized as an important …

The tripeptide glutathione (GSH), namely γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, is an ubiquitous
low-molecular weight thiol nucleophile and reductant of utmost importance, representing the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, mediate intercellular
communications and exert various biological activities via delivering unique cargos of …

The human eye, the highly specialized organ of vision, is greatly influenced by oxidants of
endogenous and exogenous origin. Oxidative stress affects all structures of the human eye …